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FOCUS

Volume 8, Issue 2

Personality and Temperament: New and Alternative Perspectives

April 2010

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FROM THE GUEST EDITOR

April 2010

From the Guest Editor

C. Robert Cloninger, M.D.

Pages:161–163
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc161

First Page
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CLINICAL SYNTHESIS

April 2010

Promotion of Well-Being in Person-Centered Mental Health Care

C. Robert Cloninger, M.D.,
Ada H. Zohar, Ph.D., and
Kevin M. Cloninger, Ph.D.

Pages:165–179
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc165

Abstract
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An understanding of the mechanisms of personality development provides a systematic way to promote health as an integrated state of physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being. Individual differences in personality are causal antecedents of the ...

April 2010

Nature and Nurture in Personality

Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Ph.D., and
Markus Jokela, Ph.D.

Pages:180–186
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc180

Abstract
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An interaction between individual and contextual factors is the central theme in development of personality. Molecular genetics offers the most valuable opportunity for increasing our understanding of the joint effect of nature and nurture. Sensitivity to ...

April 2010

The Temperament and Character Inventory in Addiction Treatment

Daniel H. Angres, M.D.

Pages:187–198
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc187

Abstract
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This article provides an overview for assessing and working with personality variables in an abstinence-based addiction treatment program for professionals. Included in this discussion are the ways in which one program uses the Temperament and Character ...

April 2010

A Person-Centered Approach to Clinical Practice

Kathleen M. Wong, M.D., and
C. Robert Cloninger, M.D.

Pages:199–215
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc199

Abstract
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Effective clinical practice depends on tools that facilitate nonstigmatizing personality assessment, rapid development of a therapeutic alliance, and the guided development of self-awareness so that people learn how to live well. As an expert in ...

April 2010

Patient Management Exercise A Person-Centered Approach to Treatment

Kathleen M. Wong, M.D., Guest Contributor, and
Ian A. Cook, M.D., Associate Editor Patient Management Exercise

Pages:216–219
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc216

Abstract
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This exercise provides a practice-based example of the principles and practice of person-centered therapy described in this issue of FOCUS. Answer the questions below, on the information provided, making your decisions taking the person-centered approach. ...

April 2010

Ask the Expert: Personality Disorder Treatment

John M. Oldham, M.D.

Pages:220–221
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc220

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INFLUENTIAL PUBLICATIONS

April 2010

Bibliography: for Personality and Temperament

Pages:222–225
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc222

Abstract
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This section contains a compilation of recent publications that have shaped the thinking in the field as well as classic works that remain important to the subject reviewed in this issue. This bibliography has been compiled by experts in the field and ...

April 2010

Abstracts: Personality and Temperament

Pages:226–229
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc226

First Page
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April 2010

Borderline Personality Disorder: Ontogeny of a Diagnosis

John G. Gunderson, M.D.

Pages:230–239
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc230

Abstract
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Objective:The purpose of this article is to describe the development of the borderline personality disorder diagnosis, highlighting both the obstacles encountered and the associated achievements. Method:On the basis of a review of the literature, the ...

April 2010

Latent Profiles of Temperament and Their Relations to Psychopathology and Wellness

David C. Rettew, M.D.,
Robert R. Althoff, M.D., Ph.D.,
Levent Dumenci, Ph.D.,
Lynsay Ayer, B.A., and
James J. Hudziak, M.D.

Pages:240–249
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc240

Abstract
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Objective:To test for empirically defined temperament phenotypes and to investigate their associations with psychopathology and wellness. Method:The sample included 447 children (259 boys, 188 girls; mean age 11.0 years) recruited for a family study in ...

April 2010

Failure of Frontolimbic Inhibitory Function in the Context of Negative Emotion in Borderline Personality Disorder

David Silbersweig, M.D.,
John F. Clarkin, Ph.D.,
Martin Goldstein, M.D.,
Otto F. Kernberg, M.D.,
Oliver Tuescher, M.D., Ph.D.,
Kenneth N. Levy, Ph.D.,
Gary Brendel, M.D.,
Hong Pan, Ph.D.,
Manfred Beutel, M.D.,
Michelle T. Pavony, B.A.,
Jane Epstein, M.D.,
Mark F. Lenzenweger, Ph.D.,
Kathleen M. Thomas, Ph.D.,
Michael I. Posner, Ph.D., and
Emily Stern, M.D.

Pages:250–260
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc250

Abstract
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Objective:The authors sought to test the hypothesis that in patients with borderline personality disorder, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and associated regions would not be activated during a task requiring motor inhibition in the setting of negative ...

April 2010

Temperament, Character and Personality Disorders as Predictors of Response to Interpersonal Psychotherapy and Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Depression

Peter R. Joyce,
Janice M. McKenzie,
Janet D. Carter,
Alma M. Rae,
Suzanne E. Luty,
Christopher M. A. Frampton, and
Roger T. Mulder

Pages:261–268
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc261

Abstract
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Background:Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy are widely accepted as effective treatments for major depression. There is little evidence on how personality disorder or personality traits affect treatment response. Aims:To ...

April 2010

The Impact of ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorders on Temperament, Character, and Personality Development

Henrik Anckarsäter, M.D., Ph.D.,
Ola Stahlberg, Psychol., M.Sc.,
Tomas Larson, B.A.,
Catrin Hakansson, B.A.,
Sig-Britt Jutblad, Psychol., M.Sc.,
Lena Niklasson, Psychol., M.Sc.,
Agneta Nydén, Psychol., Ph.D.,
Elisabet Wentz, M.D., Ph.D.,
Stefan Westergren, M.D.,
C. Robert Cloninger, M.D.,
Christopher Gillberg, M.D., Ph.D., and
Maria Rastam, M.D., Ph.D.

Pages:269–275
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc269

Abstract
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Objective:The authors describe personality development and disorders in relation to symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders. Method:Consecutive adults referred for neuropsychiatric investigation (N=240) ...

April 2010

Interactions Between Child and Parent Temperament and Child Behavior Problems

David C. Rettew,
Catherine Stanger,
Laura McKee,
Alicia Doyle, and
James J. Hudziak

Pages:276–285
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc276

Abstract
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Objective:Few studies of temperament have tested goodness-of-fit theories of child behavior problems. In this study, we test the hypothesis that interactions between child and parent temperament dimensions predict levels of child psychopathology after ...

April 2010

Six Months of Treatment for Depression: Outcome and Predictors of the Course of Illness

Roger T. Mulder, M.B.Ch.B., Ph.D., F.R.A.N.Z.C.P.,
Peter R. Joyce, M.B.Ch.B., Ph.D., F.R.A.N.Z.C.P.,
Christopher M.A. Frampton, B.Sc., Ph.D.,
Suzanne E. Luty, M.B.Ch.B., Ph.D., F.R.A.N.Z.C.P., and
Patrick F. Sullivan, M.D., F.R.A.N.Z.C.P.

Pages:286–293
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc286

Abstract
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Objective:The goals of this study were to determine the course of illness in a cohort of depressed patients undergoing treatment for 6 months and whether there are clinically useful predictors of their course of illness. Method:A cohort of 175 depressed ...

April 2010

Novelty Seeking: Interaction Between Parental Alcohol Use and Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene Exon III Polymorphism Over 17 Years

Jari Lahti,
Katri Räikkönen,
Jesper Ekelund,
Leena Peltonen,
Olli T. Raitakari, and
Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen

Pages:294–300
Published Online:1 April 2010

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.8.2.foc294

Abstract
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Recent meta-analyses have questioned the association between the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene polymorphism and the temperament trait of novelty seeking, and proposed an interaction between the polymorphism and other factors. We wanted to test whether ...

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