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FOCUS

Volume 5, Issue 2

Substance Abuse

April 2007

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FROM THE GUEST EDITOR

April 2007

A Perspective on the Selected Recent Research In the Addiction Field

Marc Galanter, M.D.

Pages:137–139
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc137

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CLINICAL SYNTHESIS

April 2007

Clinical Advances in Pharmacological and Integrated Treatment Approaches for Alcohol and Drug Use Disorders

Helen Dermatis, Ph.D, and
Marc Galanter, M.D.

Pages:141–150
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc141

Abstract
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In this review, we highlight recent developments in the pharmacological treatment of alcohol and other substance use disorders and in programs designed for those with dual diagnosis disorders. The depot formulation of naltrexone, which recently received ...

April 2007

Preclinical Development and Clinical Implementation of Treatments for Substance Abuse Disorders

Robert N. Pechnick, Ph.D.,
Suzette Glasner-Edwards, Ph.D.,
Mark Hrymoc, M.D., and
Jeffery N. Wilkins, M.D.

Pages:151–162
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc151

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Substance abuse continues to be a major source of morbidity and mortality around the world. Preclinical research on substance abuse continues to focus on determining the neurobiological substrates underlying this disorder and using this information to ...

April 2007

Guideline Watch (April 2007): Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Substance Use Disorders, 2nd Edition

Hilary Smith Connery, M.D., Ph.D., and
Herbert D. Kleber, M.D.

Pages:163–166
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc163

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Since the publication in May 2006 of APA's Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Substance Use Disorders, 2nd Edition (), results have been reported for a multisite randomized, controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of medication, ...

April 2007

Ask the Expert: Exploring the Clinician's Concern About Unreported Abuse of Alcohol

Susan G. Lazar, M.D.

Pages:167–169
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc167

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April 2007

Ask the Expert: Treatment Strategy for Co-occurring Bipolar Disorder and Alcohol Abuse

Marcia L. Verduin, M.D.

Pages:170–171
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc170

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April 2007

Patient Management Exercise for Substance Abuse: Diagnosis and Treatment

B. Harrison Levine, M.D., M.P.H., and
Ronald C. Albucher, M.D.

Pages:172–183
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc172

Abstract
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This exercise is designed to test your comprehension of material presented in this issue of FOCUS as well as your ability to evaluate, diagnose, and manage clinical problems. Answer the questions below, to the best of your ability, on the basis of the ...

INFLUENTIAL PUBLICATIONS

April 2007

Bibliography for Substance Abuse: Diagnosis and Treatment

Pages:184–186
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc184

Abstract
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This section contains a compilation of recent publications that have shaped the thinking in the field as well as classic works that remain important to the subject reviewed in this issue. This bibliography has been compiled by experts in the field and ...

April 2007

Abstracts for Substance Abuse: Diagnosis and Treatment

Pages:187–192
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc187

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ERRATUM

April 2007

Errata Summer 2006

Page:192
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc192

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INFLUENTIAL PUBLICATIONS

April 2007

Encouraging Posttreatment Self-Help Group Involvement to Reduce Demand for Continuing Care Services: Two-Year Clinical and Utilization Outcomes

Keith Humphreys, and
Rudolf H. Moos

Pages:193–198
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc193

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Background:Accumulating evidence indicates that addiction and psychiatric treatment programs that actively promote self-help group involvement can reduce their patients' health care costs in the first year after treatment, but such initially impressive ...

April 2007

Taking Account of Cultural and Societal Influences on Substance Use Diagnoses and Criteria

Robin Room

Pages:199–207
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc199

Abstract
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Aims:This article reviews the problems of cross-cultural applicability, which have been identified at the level of instrument items, at the level of criteria, and at the level of concepts and diagnoses. One near-universal appears to be that the diagnoses ...

April 2007

The Neural Basis of Addiction: A Pathology of Motivation and Choice

Peter W. Kalivas, Ph.D., and
Nora D. Volkow, M.D.

Pages:208–219
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc208

Abstract
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Objective:A primary behavioral pathology in drug addiction is the overpowering motivational strength and decreased ability to control the desire to obtain drugs. In this review the authors explore how ...

April 2007

Addiction: A Disease of Learning and Memory

Steven E. Hyman, M.D.

Pages:220–228
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc220

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If neurobiology is ultimately to contribute to the development of successful treatments for drug addiction, researchers must discover the molecular mechanisms by which drug-seeking behaviors are consolidated into compulsive use, the mechanisms that ...

April 2007

Co-Occurring Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Neurobiological Effects of Chronic Stress

Kathleen T. Brady, M.D., Ph.D., and
Rajita Sinha, Ph.D.

Pages:229–239
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc229

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The high rate of co-occurrence of substance use disorders and other psychiatric disorders is well established. The population of people with co-occurring disorders is heterogeneous, and the prevalence of comorbidity differs by diagnostic group. One of the ...

April 2007

Behavioral Therapies for Drug Abuse

Kathleen M. Carroll, Ph.D., and
Lisa S. Onken, Ph.D.

Pages:240–248
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc240

Abstract
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The past three decades have been marked by tremendous progress in behavioral therapies for drug abuse and dependence, as well as advances in the conceptualization of approaches to development of behavioral therapies. Cognitive behavior therapy, ...

April 2007

Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Substance Use Disorders

Pages:249–261
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc249

Abstract
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This practice parameter describes the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with substance use disorders and is based on scientific evidence and clinical consensus regarding diagnosis and effective treatment as well as on the current state ...

April 2007

New Medication Strategies for Comorbid Substance Use and Bipolar Affective Disorders

Thomas R. Kosten, and
Therese A. Kosten

Pages:262–269
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc262

Abstract
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Comorbidity of substance abuse disorders (SUD) with bipolar disorders (BPD) is a serious treatment problem. Childhood BPD can be further complicated by comorbidity with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and later SUD during adolescence. The ...

April 2007

Causal Association Between Cannabis and Psychosis: Examination of the Evidence

Louise Arseneault,
Mary Cannon,
John Witton, and
Robin M. Murray

Pages:270–278
Published Online:1 April 2007

https://doi.org/10.1176/foc.5.2.foc270

Abstract
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Background:Controversy remains as to whether cannabis acts as a causal risk factor for schizophrenia or other functional psychotic illnesses. Aims: To examine critically the evidence that cannabis causes psychosis using established criteria of causality. ...

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