This article was written by the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium Coordinating Committee, whose members (presented in alphabetical order) take responsibility for its content: Sven Cichon, Ph.D. (University of Bonn, Germany); Nick Craddock, M.D., Ph.D. (Cardiff University); Mark Daly, Ph.D. (Harvard Medical School, Broad Institute); Stephen V. Faraone, Ph.D. (State University of New York Upstate Medical University); Pablo V. Gejman, M.D. (Northshore University HealthSystem and Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University); John Kelsoe, M.D. (University of California, San Diego); Thomas Lehner, Ph.D., M.P.H. (NIMH); Douglas F. Levinson, M.D. (Stanford University); Audra Moran, M.A. (NARSAD, Ex Officio); Pamela Sklar, M.D., Ph.D. (Massachusetts General Hospital, Broad Institute); and Patrick F. Sullivan, M.D. (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill). Received Sept. 11, 2008; revision received Nov. 17, 2008; accepted Nov. 20, 2008 (doi: 10.1176/ appi.ajp.2008.08091354). From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, Calif. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Levinson, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 710 Welch Rd., Suite A-3325, Palo Alto, CA 94304; [email protected] (e-mail).
Dr. Faraone receives research support from or has served on the advisory boards of Shire, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, McNeil, and NIH. Dr. Kelsoe is a founder of and holds equity in Psynomics, Inc. Dr. Sullivan has received unrestricted research support from Eli Lilly for genetic research in schizophrenia. Drs. Cichon, Craddock, Daly, Gejman, Lehner, Levinson, Sklar, and Sullivan and Ms. Moran report no competing interests.
Supported by NIMH grant MH-085520. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Genetic Cluster Computer, which is supported by the Netherlands Scientific Organization (NWO 480-05-003, PI Danielle Posthuma), along with a supplement from the Dutch Brain Foundation.
ADHD Working Group: Stephen Faraone, Chair (SUNY-UMU); Richard Anney (Trinity College Dublin); Jan Buitelaar (Radboud University); Josephine Elia (Children's Hospital of Philadelphia); Barbara Franke (Radboud University); Michael Gill (Trinity College Dublin); Hakon Hakonarson (CHOP); Lindsey Kent (St. Andrews University); James McGough (UCLA); Eric Mick (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Laura Nisenbaum (Eli Lilly); Susan Smalley (UCLA); Anita Thapar (Cardiff University); Richard Todd, deceased (Washington University/St. Louis, MO); and Alexandre Todorov (Washington University/St. Louis, MO).
Autism Working Group: Bernie Devlin, Chair (University of Pittsburgh); Mark Daly, Co-Chair (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Richard Anney (Trinity College Dublin); Dan Arking (Johns Hopkins University); Joseph D. Buxbaum (Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York); Aravinda Chakravarti (Johns Hopkins University); Edwin Cook (University of Illinois); Michael Gill (Trinity College Dublin); Leena Peltonen (University of Helsinki); Joseph Piven (University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill); Guy Rouleau (University of Montreal); Susan Santangelo (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Gerard Schellenberg (University of Washington); Steve Scherer (University of Toronto); James Sutcliffe (Vanderbilt University); Peter Szatmari (McMaster University); and Veronica Vieland (Columbus Children's Research Institute).
Bipolar Disorder Working Group: John Kelsoe, Co-Chair (UCSD); Pamela Sklar, Co-Chair, (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Ole A. Andreassen (University of Oslo, Norway); Douglas Blackwood (University of Edinburgh, Scotland); Michael Boehnke (University of Michigan); Rene Breuer (CIMH, Mannheim, Germany); Margit Burmeister (University of Michigan); Sven Cichon (University of Bonn, Germany); Aiden Corvin (Trinity College Dublin); Nicholas Craddock (Cardiff University); Manuel Ferreira (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Matthew Flickinger (University of Michigan); Tiffany Greenwood (UCSD); Weihua Guan (University of Michigan); Hugh Gurling (University College London); Jun Li (University of Michigan); Eric Mick (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Valentina Moskvina (Cardiff University); Pierandrea Muglia (GlaxoSmithKline); Walter Muir (University of Edinburgh, Scotland); Markus Noethen (University of Bonn, Germany); John Nurnberger (Indiana University); Shaun Purcell (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Marcella Rietschel (CIMH, Mannheim); Douglas Ruderfer (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Nicholas Schork (UCSD); Thomas Schulze (CIMH, Mannheim); Laura Scott (University of Michigan); Michael Steffens (University of Bonn, Germany); Ruchi Upmanyu (GlaxoSmithKline); and Thomas Wienker (University of Bonn, Germany).
Cross-Disorder Working Group: Jordan Smoller, Co-Chair (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Nicholas Craddock, Co-Chair (Cardiff University); Kenneth Kendler, Co-Chair (Virginia Commonwealth University); John Nurnberger (Indiana University); Roy Perlis (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Shaun Purcell (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Marcella Rietschel (CIMH, Mannheim); Susan Santangelo (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); and Anita Thapar (Cardiff University).
Major Depressive Disorder Working Group: Patrick Sullivan, Chair (University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill); Douglas Blackwood (University of Edinburgh, Scotland); Dorret Boomsma (Vrije University, Amsterdam); Rene Breuer (CIMH, Mannheim, Germany); Sven Cichon (University of Bonn, Germany); William Coryell (University of Iowa); Eco de Geus (Vrije University, Amsterdam); Steve Hamilton (UCSF); Witte Hoogendijk (Vrije University, Amsterdam); Stafam Kloiber (MPI-P Munich); William B. Lawson (Howard University); Douglas Levinson (Stanford University); Cathryn Lewis (IOP, London); Susanne Lucae (MPI-P Munich); Nick Martin (QIMR); Patrick McGrath (Columbia University); Peter McGuffin (IOP, London); Pierandrea Muglia (GlaxoSmithKline); Walter Muir (University of Edinburgh, Scotland); Markus Noethen (University of Bonn, Germany); James Offord (Pfizer); Brenda Penninx (Vrije University, Amsterdam); James B. Potash (Johns Hopkins University); Marcella Rietschel (CIMH, Mannheim, Germany); William A. Scheftner (Rush University); Thomas Schulze (CIMH, Mannheim); Susan Slager (Mayo Clinic); Federica Tozzi (GlaxoSmithKline); Myrna M. Weissman (Columbia University); AHM Willemsen (Vrije University, Amsterdam); and Naomi Wray (QIMR).
Schizophrenia Working Group: Pablo Gejman, Chair (Northshore University HealthSystem and Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University); Ole A. Andreassen (University of Oslo, Norway); Douglas Blackwood (University of Edinburgh, Scotland); Sven Cichon (University of Bonn, Germany); Aiden Corvin (Trinity College Dublin); Mark Daly (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Ayman Fanous (Washington Veterans Administration Medical Center, Georgetown University, Virginia Commonwealth University); Michael Gill (Trinity College Dublin); Hugh Gurling (UCL); Peter Holmans (Cardiff University); Christina Hultman (Karolinska Institutet); Kenneth Kendler (Virginia Commonwealth University); Sari Kivikko (National Public Health Institute); Claudine Laurent (Pierre and Marie Curie Faculty of Medicine, Paris); Todd Lencz (LIJ); Douglas Levinson (Stanford University); Anil Malhotra (LIJ); Bryan Mowry (Queensland Center for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland); Markus Noethen (University of Bonn, Germany); Mike O'Donovan (Cardiff University); Roel Ophoff (UCLA); Michael Owen (Cardiff University); Leena Peltonen (University of Helsinki); Ann Pulver (Johns Hopkins University); Marcella Rietschel (CIMH, Mannheim); Brien Riley (Virginia Commonwealth University); Alan Sanders (Northshore University HealthSystem and Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University); Thomas Schulze (CIMH, Mannheim); Sibylle Schwab (University of Western Australia); Pamela Sklar (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); David St. Clair (University of Aberdeen); Patrick Sullivan (University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill); Jaana Suvisaari (University of Helsinki); Edwin van den Oord (Virginia Commonwealth University); Naomi Wray (QiMR); and Dieter Wildenaver (University of Western Australia).
Statistical Analysis and Computational Working Group: Mark Daly, Chair (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Phillip Awadalla (University of Montreal); Bernie Devlin (University of Pittsburgh); Frank Dudbridge (MRC-BSU); Arnoldo Frigessi (University of Oslo, Norway); Elizabeth Holliday (QCMHR/University of Queensland); Peter Holmans (Cardiff University); Todd Lencz (LIJ), Douglas Levinson (Stanford University); Cathryn Lewis (IOP, London); Danyu Lin (University of North Carolina-Cahpel Hill); Valentina Moskvina (Cardiff University); Bryan Mowry (QCMHR/University of Queensland); Ben Neale (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University), Eve Pickering (Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Group); Danielle Posthuma (Vrije University Amsterdam); Shaun Purcell (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); John Rice (Washington University/St. Louis, MO); Stephan Ripke (MPI-P Munich); Nicholas Schork (UCSD); Jonathan Sebat (CSHL); Michael Steffens (University of Bonn, Germany); Jennifer Stone (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University); Jung-Ying Tzeng (NCSU); Edwin van den Oord (Virginia Commonwealth University); and Veronica Vieland (Columbus Children's Research Institute).
The authors thank the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium colleagues for their contributions. The authors also thank NARSAD for infrastructure support.