
Focus 4:140-149, Winter 2006
© 2006 American Psychiatric Association
Culture, Illness, and Care: Clinical Lessons From Anthropologic and Cross-Cultural Research
Arthur Kleinman, M.D., M.A.,
Leon Eisenberg, M.D., and
Byron Good
Major health care problems such as patient dissatisfaction, inequity of access to care, and spiraling costs no longer seem amenable to traditional biomedical solutions. Concepts derived from anthropologic and cross-cultural research may provide an alternative framework for identifying issues that require resolution. A limited set of such concepts is described and illustrated, including a fundamental distinction between disease and illness, and the notion of the cultural construction of clinical reality. These social science concepts can be developed into clinical strategies with direct application in practice and teaching. One such strategy is outlined as an example of a clinical social science capable of translating concepts from cultural anthropology into clinical language for practical application. The implementation of this approach in medical teaching and practice requires more support, both curricular and financial.
(Reprinted with permission from the
Annals of Internal Medicine 1978; 88:251258[Medline]
)
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